We have a most welcome guest from Juliet Swann today. Juliet works for the Electoral Reform Society in Scotland. She blogs for them professionally occasionally here, and has her own personal blog here.
Imagine a female Prime Minister. Hold on, AND, a female Chancellor, and the Defence Secretary is a woman, and so is the Speaker, and the Leader of the Opposition, and the Opposition Chancellor, and the Leader of the House of Lords. And in the Scottish Parliament, the Cabinet is led by a female First Minister, with only the Health Secretary and the Culture Secretary standing out as being male.
It feels strange to imagine, and yet, by accepting that the reverse as the norm, and as okay, we are also accepting that 50% of the population don’t deserve 50% of representation in our political institutions.
I’m not going to second guess whether policy decisions would be different with a better gender balance in Parliament, but ignoring half the population is never a good idea, not least because it means we lose their talents and perspectives.
Our political institutions shouldn’t be carbon copies of society, but when they represent an entirely distorted picture of who we are, this can’t help but create a parliament which is out of touch with the people it serves.
Devolution was supposed to herald a new era of gender balance in politics. In 1999 Scottish Labour’s pairing policy saw the party return 28 women out of 56 MSPs. In 2003’s “rainbow Parliament” the SSP returned twice as many women as men, and Labour’s gender balance improved as the six seats they lost were all held by men, but overall women still only numbered 51 of 129. The Liberal Democrats have only ever returned two female MSPs, even when they held 17 seats. With their highest number of sitting MSPs, the SNP have only 18 women out of 69.
Labour still have 17 of 37, which is only just shy of 50%, demonstrating that even with a loss of overall numbers, the pairing policy that worked so well in 1999 has enabled them to maintain a good gender balance, even though they have not continued to promote positive measures. (Imagine where they might be if they had…)
Then we can look to local government – with the second STV local election just around the corner, surely, as the electorate can rate their candidates by preference, rather than placing all their eggs in one basket the parties will have thought about gender balance? Because would it not make you think twice if you realised that although you could express a preference, that preference had to be male?
And yet, to highlight Edinburgh’s list of candidates: the Liberal Democrats have just two women among their 17 candidates. Labour is fielding eight female candidates out of a total of 23 and the Tories have six women among their 20 hopefuls. Only the Greens achieved a gender balance with eight women and nine men.
Of the smaller parties or independents standing, only 3 are women.
“perhaps no women were interested”, “women don’t have time, with childcare responsibilities”, “parties should select the best people, regardless of gender”, “women aren’t attracted to the cut and thrust world of politics”
These excuses, and they are excuses, will not stand. In 2012, in a first world country with girls exceeding boys in education, it is absurd to suggest women don’t want or are not able to match men in the political sphere.
Firstly, politics needs women, it needs to represent all of us. Secondly, perhaps we need to re-think how politics works, or how childcare works, if in 2012 women are not standing for election because they have kids. After all men have children too. Thirdly, the only way to encourage more women is to ensure they have role models to aspire to, believe in and emulate.
You’ll have noticed the Green party achieved gender balance. That’s because they have a strong gender policy. It’s not rigid, but it is strong. And as time goes on, it becomes easier to meet the 50/50 target because women see other women succeeding and as we all know, success breeds success.
Arguments for quotas and strong gender policies are often refuted as ‘meddling’. I would never argue that quotas are perfect, they are an interim measure to address an inbalance. But something needs to change.
We need to stop saying that positive measures lead to mediocrity. This is an argument with no evidence and no logic. We see mediocrity and brilliance across politics and it never has anything to do with gender. Secondly we need to act now. The idea that the situation will eventually right itself is a cowardly excuse for doing nothing. The number of women MPs has increased by only 4% since 1997. If we don’t do something our daughters will be drawing their pensions before they have an equal say in how our country is run. Is that really the message we want to send to our kids?
The new campaign Counting Women IN was born out of this anger. Five democracy and gender organisations – The Centre for Women & Democracy, The Fawcett Society, The Hansard Society, Unlock Democracy and the Electoral Reform Society – came together to campaign for equality: for equal numbers of men and women in our Parliaments and institutions by 2020. It’s a positive campaign designed to work with parties in recognition of their separate cultures, histories and practices to achieve real change. Equality, that’s all we’re asking for.
Join the call for 50/50 equality for men and women in politics at www.countingwomenin.org
#1 by Jeff on April 4, 2012 - 9:32 am
Thanks for the guest post Juliet. I fully agree that we need to open up the political and working environment to make it as conducive as possible for true equality to take hold. For example, placing the phrase “maternity leave” into the rubbish bin is long, long overdue. We should simply have ‘parental leave’ to be shared out as families see fit. A guy in my work is taking (unpaid) leave for 4 months to look after his new born as his wife, who could have received decent maternity pay, wants to go back to work. Not only he is getting the odd snide comment, but the law is working against him and if the mother worked in politics, you’ve got a perfect example right there of the reasons why equality isn’t happening.
That said, I don’t think we can blinkeredly measure success by how close a Parliament gets to 50/50 representation. That is surely only a skin-deep take on what is a very complicated issue. There is, after all, a huge difference between men giving equality to women through positive discrimination or zipped lists and women taking equality for themselves by showing they are the best person for the job. You are arguing for the former and I wouldn’t be surprised if many women out there are embarrassed that that is required. Don’t those at the vanguard of this issue need to be a bit more Joan of Arc than Oliver Twist?
If there are women out there keen to become an MSP or MP, there is no replacement for putting in the hard yards of networking, leafleting, strategising and debating within the party and showing you are the best person for the job, male or female, and, as I say, lawmakers need to clear the way as best they can without resorting to fixing votes in either sex’s favour.
The example that I would choose is Labour’s Kezia Dugdale. Yes, Kezia came through Labour’s zipped lists and lucked out because the SNP hoovered up the constituency seats but no one could possibly argue that she hasn’t earned her political career and that she has been given a seat in the Parliament just to make up the numbers. An artificial 50/50 Parliament split will simply lead from discrimination outside the Parliament to discrimination inside it. That doesn’t sound like great progress to me.
#2 by Juliet on April 4, 2012 - 10:00 am
Hi Jeff
Thanks! I suppose if progress were being made I would be better able to accept that hard work and determination will win the day. I would never assume to speak for Kezia Dugdale but she has grown up witnessing the party she supports work hard for gender balance which backs up the suggestion that success breeds success and that women are more inclined to enter politics (and be chosen by their party) when there is a decent proportion of women to emulate. 50/50 is not perfect, but given how far away we are from equal representation, the challenge needs to be made. The argument isn’t that we should not pick the best person for the job, it’s that good, nay brilliant, women, aren’t entering politics and when they do, they often get more comments about their shoes or their outfits than about their policies.
#3 by Doug Daniel on April 4, 2012 - 12:48 pm
I’ve heard the line about women in politics getting more comments about their shoes and outfits than their policies before, and I don’t subscribe to it at all. Let’s be honest here, politics (like everything in life) is becoming increasingly obsessed with image. What’s the first thing people mention about Alex Salmond? He’s fat. What’s the first thing people mention about William Hague? He’s bald. What’s the first thing people mention about John Bercow? He’s a midget. What’s the first thing people mention about Theresa May? She wears leopard-print shoes.
Here’s the thing: if a male politician went to parliament wearing brightly-coloured suits and garish shoes, people would go on about it. Honestly, they would. Or if we’re talking about people mentioning cleavage (like in Jacqui Smith’s case), then I think we can safely say that if a male politician went to parliament with his top three buttons undone, it would not go unmentioned. It’s human nature to comment on those who stand out from the crowd, for whatever reason.
If we’re to get at the nub of why there is inequality of representation in politics, we have to start off by being honest about when that inequality does and doesn’t exist. The reason men don’t get comments about their wardrobe is because they all wear dark suits (and the one exception to that rule – Martin Bell – did indeed get comments about his white suits). But hey, if you want to start a campaign to break men away from the expectations that they must wear a dark suit at work, I’ll be right behind you – I’ve always been jealous of how women get away with wearing pretty much whatever they like at work, while I have to wear a boring shirt and itchy trousers, as if I didn’t get enough of that at school.
#4 by Iain Menzies on April 4, 2012 - 12:51 pm
Is it wrong that your last paragraph gave me an image of you wandering into work in a floral print dress?
#5 by Doug Daniel on April 4, 2012 - 1:25 pm
It would certainly be preferable to itchy trousers.
#6 by Doug Daniel on April 4, 2012 - 1:27 pm
Thinking about it, if David Cameron went to PMQs without a tie, it would be front-page news. That is how obsessed the media are with how politicians present themselves.
Pingback: A guest post elsewhere | muteswann
#7 by Aidan on April 4, 2012 - 10:49 am
Do you think there are issues specific to politics that need to be addressed or are we looking at things such long hours cultures and gender bias in hiring processes which are common to other fields in which women are under represented?
(Also, thanks for an excellent guest post!)
#8 by Juliet on April 4, 2012 - 1:31 pm
Thanks Aidan.
I do think there’s a wider issue relating to gender representation across society, but, if we can’t get gender equality right in the institutions we elect to represent us, then we’re hardly starting out on the right foot.
Parliament still runs on outdated principles (even in Scotland and Wales with their new parliaments), that just don’t enable equal representation of the society they represent. They still predominantly represent the people they were first elected by – property holding men.
#9 by Aidan on April 4, 2012 - 2:13 pm
Oh, totally agree with all that – I guess I was trying to ask if there were specific things in politics which needed to be addressed alongside the wider social issues that feed into it.
If I’m reading your right you’re arguing that some of the parliamentary processes and procedures are a problem here?
#10 by Juliet on April 4, 2012 - 2:21 pm
Parliamentary procedures and party procedures (as Kirsty mentions). Counting Women IN is trying to work with parties to improve gender balance within the party and thus improve representation in the parliament(s).
The fact that party membership is falling generally, but cause based campaigning is on the rise, is also worth considering.
But generally, yes, politics, especially at Westminster just isn’t fit for the 21st century and the gender gap is just one (very obvious) manifestation of that. One of my favourite facts of late is that there are more millionaires than women in the Cabinet.
#11 by Ken on April 4, 2012 - 10:59 am
I’ve got a crazy idea.
How about the people we elect represent all groups regardless of their own self identification – be it religious, ethnic, gender, education or sexuality.
And if they don’t – then don’t vote for them.
#12 by Aidan on April 4, 2012 - 11:08 am
Having a homogeneous parliament will mean that we don’t get the benefit of a variety of viewpoints and life experiences in government and in opposition, having a diverse legislature and executive is inherently desirable.
#13 by Ken on April 4, 2012 - 11:24 am
Well, by that logic – why stop at gender?
The Parliament should by divided in quotas based on the diversity of our society. 10% should be mandated to represent the viewpoints and life experiences of gays and lesbians; a 1% quota to represent the viewpoints and life experiences of ‘South Asians’; a 3% quota to represent the viewpoints and life experiences of those with serious literacy problems; a 25% quota to represent the viewpoints and life experiences of non-believers; and so on and so forth.
I want my politicians to be elected based on skill – not diversity. Otherwise they’re just another politician I’m not going to listen to. If the political party doesn’t allow for a natural growth of skill and talent regardless of gender/ethnicity/religion/sexual orientation… then leave it.
#14 by James on April 4, 2012 - 11:31 am
Well, I suppose we could keep a predominantly male politics as we do now, and that does come with a lot of the culture the public find offputting in politicians as a collective, and we can pretend that the reason women don’t get selected is that they’re not good enough, and we could go for your straw man position, but that sounds like a lot of sexist and depressing crap to me.
On the ethnic, religious, sexuality stuff: all other things being equal, yes, I’d rather we had a Parliament where people who are not white middle-aged heterosexual men can watch debates and think “that person is like me, maybe I could stand for Parliament”.
#15 by Ken on April 4, 2012 - 11:50 am
“Well, I suppose we …. not good enough, and we could go for your straw man position, but that sounds like a lot of sexist and depressing crap to me.”
Where did I say I was in favour of the status quo? (And I’m the one with a straw man argument !?) I took the diversity angle to it’s logical conclusion – what makes gender the be all and end all in this? We fix the gender balance so we don’t need to fix the rest of the societal imbalance in Parliament?
James, I actually AGREE that politics is predominately male dominated with professional politicians caring only for their career. It’s depressing and turns a lot of people off politics – including myself. I DON’T AGREE that the way to solve a broken system is to simply slap a quota on it. As Steven Dehn points out below – we need to get more people (not dividing them into categories) but all people, more involved in politics. So knock it off calling people’s positions ‘sexist’ because they don’t simply agree with it.
“On the ethnic, religious, sexuality stuff: all other things being equal, yes, I’d rather we had a Parliament where people who are not white middle-aged heterosexual men can watch debates and think “that person is like me, maybe I could stand for Parliament”.”
Here’s the problem. You’re still looking at politics in divisive terms instead of seeing beyond that. You see men, women, black, white, hetero, homo, old, young. I just see people.
(And on a side note, perhaps if Scotland wasn’t 98.2% white and 75% Christian – you’d get a more diverse Parliament. Perhaps an Upper House to represent these diverse issues would be better placed then – the Irish Senate is sectoral based in this way, to represent agricultural, educational, cultural, business and labour interest.)
#16 by Gryff on April 4, 2012 - 11:58 am
To be honest I don’t really think more representative parliaments would be any better, the best and worst of politics seems to be equally manifested in men and women, old and young etc.
On the other hand, I think equal opportunity is something that should be persued for its own sake. Poor gender balance might not be a problem, but instead a symptom of a society where I have a better chance of being an MSP (or chief executive, or millionaire, or judge, or …) than my wife or sister. That is the real problem.
#17 by Steven Dehn on April 4, 2012 - 10:59 am
I confess that I cannot understand the need for a gender balance in politics. I don’t care if its 80% women, 20% men; vice versa or any other imaginable proportion of women to men. Surely it is far better to have a parliament filled with 100% engaged, intelligent and capable people? (and we’re still not there yet in such a measure)
I’ve been represented by female constituency MSPs since 2003. I’ve engaged them often, never having taken their gender into consideration. I don’t think at any point they were less able to understand male issues than I think any male politician would be able to understand female issues.
Of course we need to get more women involved in politics. We also need more men to get involved in politics, more young people, more old people. We need more people to get involved in politics, full stop.
But if the end game is a parliament that it is demographically representative of the population then why bother with representative democracy and elections? It is a woefully unsuitable system to employ. If we only want a demographically representative democracy, then a lottery of the citizenry using census data and an Athenian council model is the only way to go.
#18 by Indy on April 4, 2012 - 11:48 am
You would care if it was 80 per cent women. So would all men.
Let’s be honest about that.
If 80 per cent of politicians were women, rather than men, men would notice! And they would not be too happy about it.
#19 by Gryff on April 4, 2012 - 11:50 am
As always when we talk about representation – especially gender representation, it is worth trying to find out where the problem is.
Our base line is to assume that 50% of the Scottish population are female, but it is not as easy as saying that the Scottish Cabinet should be fifty percent female. Those women need to be drawn from the parliament, and since the SP has a gender balance of roughly 35% then we should expect 3 or 4 women in the cabinet, and 7 in the government as a while. Actually those numbers are 2 and 6, so not too bad. If one of the men in the cabinet was replaced by a women, then the gender balance would be dead on – you could say a female MSP has exactly the same chance as a male MSP of getting on the ministerial pay roll. (I’ve not looked at Gender balance in the SNP party, which might tell us something slightly different.)
It is clear then that the real problem doesn’t lie in the front line positions. The real problem is that women are less likely to become MSPs in the first place. It is daft to suggest ways of fixing this, unless we know exactly where the problem lies. Just as the FM selects from the parliament, so candidates are selected from a definite pool. We need to know whether women are not being selected from this pool, or not entering the pool in the first place.
My instinct would be that women are under-represented in the pool of senior activists, party office holders, and councillors from which candidates for parliament are drawn. But I would like to see numbers, it would probably be impossible to get any reliable evidence on activism, but surely party’s have statistics on their membership, and it should be easy enough to work out the gender balance in Scottish local authorities. I’ve never been politically active in Scotland, but I was more active when I lived in England, and most of the other people I came across, in student politics, or in local parties in two cities where men.
If my experience is representative, then trying to improve selection processes is probably only going to hide the problem, at best. The question should be: why aren’t more women joining parties, sticking leaflets through doors and campaigning on local issues?
#20 by Iain Menzies on April 4, 2012 - 12:16 pm
Is there any evidence that men vote more than women?
Its tempting to be rather flippant about your article and point out that we’ve had a female prime minister….but I think there might be one or two people that comment on better nation that would rather forget that.
That being said, Being born five years after thatcher was elected i cant remember what was written at the time, but i dont seem many retrospectives that say she wasnt any good because she didnt put enough/too much effort into her shoes.
On the shoe front, take the Home Sec as an example, May has to know that her shoes get written about, and i would put good money on it that that is the way she wants it. Its part of her image. Much like Harold Wilson and his pipe, which i read somewhere once, that he didnt actually smoke in private, preferring cigars.
Course this all misses the fundamental point that your post is, frankly, sexist. What it boils down to is you cant represent me (or you) if you have (or dont have) a penis.
Now on strict terms, my MP doesnt represent me, but that isnt because she is a woman, its because she wasnt elected to represent me, she was elected to represent my constituency. And im pretty sure my constituency has neither penis nor breasts.
#21 by Aidan on April 4, 2012 - 2:11 pm
Your whole comment is flippant and dismissive of what’s a real issue. Nobody is claiming that only women can be represented by women and only men by men.
What is being argued is that there is a massive under representation of women in parliament as a whole and that that needs to be addressed.
#22 by Iain Menzies on April 5, 2012 - 4:36 pm
It is flippant because i dont think it is a serious problem, infact i dont think it is a problem. I dont accept that women are ‘under-represented’ in parliament. In fact i think thats a rather silly thing to say. Women are represented in exactly the same way as men, which is on the basis of the franchise. The only way that isnt true is if only men can represent men, and women women.
You can (just about) make a case for women being badly represented, but thats a different think.
This boils down to little more than a game of statistics, and i aint seen anything here that shows there is any merit in that.
#23 by Colin Dunn on April 4, 2012 - 12:34 pm
“In 2012, in a first world country with girls exceeding boys in education, it is absurd to suggest women don’t want or are not able to match men in the political sphere.”
In a first world country where there are more female voters than male, why don’t more women vote for female candidates when they have the opportunity? Blaming it on male chauvinism is a convenient excuse when apathy is also playing its part. The bulk of women seem not to be showing much interest in getting their hands dirty and working for change themselves.
And I agree that that is a sad indictment of our current politics and an even stronger argument for all genders, ages, and faiths to get involved. But balance by diktat is not the solution. I think the key is better representation where people’s votes really count. At the moment, UK-wide at least, most people know that their votes don’t effect change. Until this is resolved apathy and inertia will prevent better balance
#24 by Aidan on April 4, 2012 - 2:14 pm
Errr, because people decide who to vote for on a wide range of issues beyond the gender of their candidate? Good grief…
#25 by Colin Dunn on April 4, 2012 - 4:24 pm
Yes, indeedy.
It’s a big enough issue to consider skewing the whole electoral system by enforcing positive discrimination, but not big enough for women voters to prioritise gender over other issues until balance occurs naturally?
#26 by Juliet on April 4, 2012 - 5:36 pm
Unfortunately women voters don’t get the option in the majority of seats / elections. That’s sort of the point. For instance I had no male candidates in my parliamentary constituency, and only have one female councillor candidate for three seats in my ward.
And, analysis shows that when they do, female turnout goes up, and if they have a female MP, the likelihood of them engaging in politics goes up as well.
#27 by Kirsty on April 4, 2012 - 1:36 pm
I think if you want politics to be a progressive force for good, whatever party you back, more women candidates are needed. More diverse parties, with candidates with many different life experiences, make better policy decisions – saying clever men who get elected will be clever enough to work it all out to benefit the ladies as well hasn’t proven to work in the past.
It’s not just about quotas yes or no, or looking at the current make-up of parliament. Action is needed in recruiting and funding viable women candidates from every party – at the very basic activist level through to working out how to succeed at party selections (which I think are the biggest barrier).
#28 by Aidan on April 4, 2012 - 2:24 pm
Interesting you brought up selections, that was raised by somebody on this weeks Week In Westminster (i think, might have been westminster hour) in context of working class representation…
#29 by Duncan Hothersall (@dhothersall) on April 4, 2012 - 1:49 pm
Some disappointingly thoughtless comments here. Why does this argument always have to go back to basics? Why is the necessity to shift the status quo in order to enable equality still being criticised as special treatment? What are we failing to do to move the argument on towards sense?
One commenter says without apparent irony “women have the vote”. He (and you know it has to be a he, sadly) should ask himself how that happened. How, in fact, every advance in equality has ever happened. Clue: it wasn’t people sitting around waiting for it.
#30 by James on April 4, 2012 - 2:06 pm
Who’d have thought a sexist and unequal system would find abrasive defenders? (and one or two who clearly don’t pass the comments policy)
#31 by Aidan on April 4, 2012 - 2:07 pm
THIS
#32 by Doug Daniel on April 4, 2012 - 2:30 pm
Erm, isn’t that just the point? Women got the vote because women went out and demanded it. They didn’t sit around waiting for politicians to put certain favourable conditions in place.
If women in general really feel their views are not represented, if female voters are really so keen to be able to vote for female candidates, and if women really do need specific representation that cannot be provided by men, then why has the UK not had a Women’s Party in almost a century? Surely it’s the most obvious solution? My sister recently asked why such a thing didn’t exist, and I couldn’t answer her. The nearest thing seems to be the Socialist Women’s Network in the SSP.
#33 by EdinburghEye on April 4, 2012 - 4:01 pm
“Erm, isn’t that just the point? Women got the vote because women went out and demanded it. They didn’t sit around waiting for politicians to put certain favourable conditions in place.”
You do seem to be implicitly accepting that “politicians are male”. You also seem to have missed that the movers and shakers involved in the 50/50 campaign for equal gender representation in Parliament are predominantly women.
Your notion that campaigns advocating gender-equality policies to ensure more equal representation of women mean women are “sitting around waiting” is … well, profoundly flawed to say the least.
#34 by Doug Daniel on April 4, 2012 - 7:49 pm
Wrong on both counts.
You do seem to be implicitly accepting that “politicians are male” – not sure how you draw that conclusion from that quote. In fact, if positive discriminatory measures do get put in place to increase female representation, I would fully expect female politicians to be at the forefront of this, whether it’s Theresa May in Westminster or Nicola Sturgeon in Holyrood.
You also seem to have missed that the movers and shakers involved in the 50/50 campaign for equal gender representation in Parliament are predominantly women. – again, not sure how you draw that conclusion. I know fine that it is women who are at the forefront of these campaigns. It would be bizarre to think otherwise, quite frankly.
I’m being unkind in using the term “sit around waiting”, but the way I see it, you don’t get what you want in politics by trying to get the political establishment to come to you. That gets you nowhere fast. You need to take the battle to them. There are hundreds, if not thousands, of campaign groups, all pressing for governments to take notice of various issues. Political parties in the UK were never particularly concerned with addressing concerns about green issues until the Greens started getting seats in elections…
#35 by EdinburghEye on April 6, 2012 - 8:35 am
“not sure how you draw that conclusion from that quote”
Your sentence structure. You contrast “women” with “politicians”.
“again, not sure how you draw that conclusion. I know fine that it is women who are at the forefront of these campaigns. It would be bizarre to think otherwise, quite frankly.”
You state that women are just “sitting around waiting” for measures against the positive discrimination now in place that ensures men are in the majority. The 50/50 campaign and other measures is about women not “just sitting around waiting” for things to get better, but doing something about it.
“but the way I see it, you don’t get what you want in politics by trying to get the political establishment to come to you.”
Dead right. Which is why it would be foolish for women to just “sit around waiting” for the parties to realise that they shouldn’t be favouring men, as you seem to be advocating!
#36 by Doug Daniel on April 6, 2012 - 3:33 pm
My sentence structure? That’ll be the sentence that was about women getting the vote in 1918, when every MP was indeed a male. So even if I was implying that “politician = male”, it would actually be correct in that instance…
Anyway, that’s just boring. You’re missing my point. Duncan was the one who first brought up the phrase “sitting around waiting”, when he said:
“How, in fact, every advance in equality has ever happened. Clue: it wasn’t people sitting around waiting for it.”
I’ve already admitted that it was perhaps a bit harsh to class this new campaign as “sitting around waiting”, but I’m afraid I find it difficult to get overly excited about yet another Slacktivist campaign group to join the hundreds of other ones like 38 Degrees, Avaaz, Unlock Democracy etc, which people sign up to because they identify with the cause but have no real desire to fight for it, and delete the regularly pinged out emails claiming politicians have climbed down from doing this or that because of their campaigning as soon as they appear in their inbox. Ooh yeah, let’s sign a few online petitions, that’ll really get politicians (of either gender) to suddenly get serious about taking action against gender inequality in politics.
Criticising it (or at least being a bit pithy towards it) is not advocating that these people should “sit around waiting” instead. What I’m saying is they should get more involved. Surely forming a political party to fight for these interests is more action than signing up to yet another campaign website, brought to you by the same groups that are behind every other campaign website? Or if there’s to be no new party, then women should join the party most closely affiliated with them and take them over. Get their friends to join too, get them interested in this stuff. Force gender equality to be put higher on the agenda.
That’s how you get stuff done in politics, not by signing up to a website and going “oh yay, look at me, I’m doing something.”
#37 by Indy on April 4, 2012 - 4:15 pm
That’s a bit of a daft point tbh.
Why should women have to form their own party to be represented?
The issue is the failure of the existing parties to properly represent the majority of the population.
That’s the key point here. Women are not an under-represented minority.
Most Scottish people are women.
#38 by Doug Daniel on April 4, 2012 - 7:16 pm
Don’t worry, I thought about all of that before making that potentially glib statement. As far as I’m concerned, every point you (correctly) bring up is equally applicable to the genesis of the Labour Party, and could possibly even be extended to pro-independence Scots.
Compare women and workers. The three reform acts of the 19th century meant ordinary people had a vote, but neither the Liberals nor the Tories really spoke for them, so eventually the Labour party was born to promote worker’s rights. Contrast this with women, who got the vote in 1918, but rather than using this as a springboard for a new party movement to continue to push the issue of women’s rights, the existing Women’s Party was soon dissolved. Surely it’s no wonder that women’s rights has lagged far behind workers’ rights?
You’re perfectly correct that women shouldn’t have to form a party to represent their interests; but “shouldn’t” and “don’t” are not the same thing. Arguably, the very existence of political parties with differing priorities is a failure in our ability to represent everyone’s needs adequately.
All I’m saying is that when a section of society feels no party is sufficiently representing their interests, the answer is to form a party of their own, even if just to push the issue higher up the agenda in the mainstream parties in an effort to neutralise this new threat. If there is a problem engaging women in politics, maybe they would feel more engaged if there was a party which specifically spoke for them. As I say, it was my feminist sister who put the idea into my head in the first place.
And, having put the idea out there, I’m now disappointed to find that I’m not actually saying anything new – feminist parties exist already in other countries, in fact the Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition won two seats at the 1998 NI assembly election. One example of particular note is the now-defunct Australian Women’s Party, which seemed to be a platform for the very things people are seeking in this thread – namely equal representation at all levels of government.
#39 by R.G. Bargie on April 4, 2012 - 3:17 pm
“One commenter says without apparent irony “women have the vote”.”
Without apparent visibility, either, since no comment containing that assertion has in fact been published. How curious that this overpowering desire for “equality” doesn’t extend to giving dissenting opinions the right to put their case…
#40 by Iain Menzies on April 5, 2012 - 4:45 pm
I can imagine myself saying that….i dont remember typing it and i dont see it so if i did it got refused (which is mean).
And i think your clue to how it happened is abit on the misleading side. I would imagine there was alot of sitting and waiting. Infact im sure a lot of men sat at the bar waiting for the voted to be called to pass the bill that gave women the vote.
Women got the vote because a parliament that was made up entirely of men, and voted for entirely by men voted to give them the vote.
#41 by Doug Daniel on April 4, 2012 - 2:16 pm
I think it’s a mistake to place too much emphasis on unequal representation in Westminster. As far as I’m concerned, Westminster is a dead loss. It’s not just women who are disadvantaged at Westminster, it’s pretty much anyone who hasn’t had an Oxbridge education. Look at some of the more prominent women in Westminster just now – Theresa May, Yvette Cooper, Rachel Reeves, Sarah Teather – all Oxbridge graduates. So at the moment, for women to get an “equal” footing with men, it means they have to play the same game – namely doing PPE at Oxford and becoming a SpAd or researcher or whatever.
I actually think this presents a far bigger barrier between politicians and “real” people than gender. I see no point in trying to get a 50/50 split between men and women in parliament if it just means filling it up with more of the same type of people. Are the differences between the sexes really so massive that we should be trying to replace men with real-life experience with women who have had privileged educations?
Now, if we could replace men with privileged educations with women with real-life experience, that’s another matter altogether, and I’m all for that, and it would kill two birds with one stone. But by far the biggest challenge at Westminster is representing people’s views properly, and this won’t happen until they adopt proportional representation for elections. Until they do that, they can fill the whole place with women, and it wouldn’t make the place any more representative to anyone than it already is if they’ve just gone down the same route to power.
Now, if we were to ban people who graduated from Oxford and Cambridge (particularly BAs in PPE) from standing for election…
#42 by EdinburghEye on April 4, 2012 - 4:05 pm
Predictably, Doug: you care about discrimination when it prevents men like you from becoming MPs, but are indifferent to discrimination that prevents women from becoming MPs.
Now, if we were to ban people who graduated from Oxford and Cambridge (particularly BAs in PPE) from standing for election…
Actually, I think the solution to that is a lot simpler: no one should be allowed to stand for election without at least five years in a non-party-political job: representatives for an area should be living in that area. (See How to fix MP expenses.
Then again George Galloway just proved (again) that you don’t have to go to Oxford or Cambridge, or take PPE, or even have a local connectiion to get elected: you just have to be a thundering good campaigner and be campaigning for things people actually want.
#43 by Colin Dunn on April 4, 2012 - 4:32 pm
“Actually, I think the solution to that is a lot simpler: no one should be allowed to stand for election without at least five years in a non-party-political job”
Hurray! Yes, I’ll vote for that. After the trams fiasco I’m beginning to wonder if prospective MPS and councillors shouldn’t all have to pass some kind of exam before they’re allowed to do the job, and at least some part of it should include training in financial management.
#44 by Juliet on April 4, 2012 - 5:38 pm
One of the interesting suggestions for encouraging more diversity is to have proper job descriptions… Imagine if that was then followed by a gold standard recruitment process?
#45 by Doug Daniel on April 4, 2012 - 8:45 pm
I would certainly back your idea to have at least five years experience in a non-party-political job, and I would actually extend the living-in-the-area component to be somewhat predicated on a minimum time as well (maybe not “lived there for the last five years” – for example, someone who had recently returned to an area they’d lived in for a long time previously would do).
But I don’t think Galloway proves anything, and in fact he’s a bit of a strange example to put up considering how loathed he is by some feminists, and women’s issues is the matter at hand here. Galloway is not at the front of politics. Caroline Lucas is maybe a better example (although even she was privately educated, even if she didn’t go to Oxbridge), although again, she’s not at the front either, where changes can be made.
There are many MPs like Galloway, who have not had the privileged-education-to-party-apparatchik route to parliament (needless to say it’s extremely rare amongst Scottish MPs, since we don’t have the same obsession with private education as they do down south). But most of these people are either from another age, or are destined to a life on the back benches. Every person who stood for the Labour leadership in 2010 went to Oxford or Cambridge for university, with the three most likely candidates doing PPE at Oxford. It’s a similar kind of story throughout both the Cabinet and the Shadow Cabinet. Not 100%, obviously, but there’s a definite bias there.
Anyway, my main point was to highlight what a dead loss Westminster is and thus why I wouldn’t even bother complaining about them in the way Juliet has in the opening paragraph. It’s institutionally biased in favour of a certain subset of the population, and my argument is Westminster is more concerned with which school and university you went to than what sex you are.
Let’s focus instead on Holyrood, where we don’t have that elitism. And when you do that, the picture is not so bleak – two out of five party leaders is female (obviously you can’t get a 50/50 split with five leaders, and the Lib Dems didn’t have an awful lot of choice in the matter), and given the exposure she’s given, Nicola Sturgeon might as well be co-convener of the SNP, so clearly there is nothing stopping women from reaching the top of their parties in Scotland. Yes, the representation in cabinet could be better (although 4/11 junior ministers is around the same ratio as the 45/129 female MSPs in parliament, and considerably better than the SNP’s 19/69 female MSPs), but I think that will change in the future, as the SNP in particular have some very good female MSPs waiting to make the step up. Don’t forget either that once Salmond goes, Nicola Sturgeon is a shoo-in as party leader for the SNP (and, of course, becoming Scotland’s first female Prime Minister…)
I’m not saying it’s fine as it is (it’s blatantly not), and I’m not saying we shouldn’t do something about it. But I do think that the fact we use PR to elect MSPs means we stand a better chance of getting the right balance long before Westminster does.
#46 by Iain Menzies on April 5, 2012 - 4:47 pm
Half the last 4 most recent Uk Prime ministers werent Oxbridge educated.
#47 by Doug Daniel on April 6, 2012 - 12:58 pm
That’s a fun stat, but it doesn’t prove anything, though. Most prime ministers of the 20th century went to Oxford or Cambridge – Wilson, Heath, Douglas-Home, MacMillan, Eden, Attlee, Baldwin, Asquith, Campbell-Bannerman, the earls of Balfour and Salisbury… But that’s not the point. The whole point of opening up the franchise to the working classes was to make politics stop being the preserve of the upper classes. And sure, it worked for a while. We got people who rose through the ranks of trade unions and others who simply got there through merit, (although there’s always been a certain bias in favour of people who do things like law.)
But it’s stopped working. The elite have reasserted their domination which is why the Labour leadership was fought between a bunch of Oxbridge graduates, and why the Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister and leader of the opposition all went to Oxford or Cambridge. The mayor of London too. Most of the important jobs in the cabinet and shadow cabinet. Those with privileged educations are back in charge, and the existence of a few who have beaten that bias is not proof that the bias doesn’t exist.
Major and Brown were not career politicians. The new breed are, and the next generation look to be the same, if not worse.
#48 by Steve on April 4, 2012 - 2:29 pm
Good post Juliet, I totally agree, and thanks for mentioning the SSP!.
The whole quota debate becomes a bit chicken and egg, others have made the point that the under representation of women is a symptom of wider issues, and it’s true that if we tackle these wider injustices then we won’t need quotas.
So let’s have the quotas, and then work to make them unnecessary as quickly as we can.
At the moment in our society men still have most of the power. People tend not to give their power away, it needs to be taken, in the nicest possible way of course.
#49 by Gryff on April 4, 2012 - 3:45 pm
I’m not sure that doing this that don’t work, until you can think of something that does, is a good idea.
Actually I am unconvinced either way on quotas, but they certainly cause a lot of whining, and I am yet to see any proof that it is worth the bother. If quotas lead to certain men feeling aggrieved and victimised, and leads to questions as to the competence of any women in parliament/office; but don’t actually encourage anyone into politics, then they might be counterproductive.
#50 by James on April 4, 2012 - 3:23 pm
Quick reminder of our Comments Policy. Feel free to disagree with quotas or the need for balance if you must, but arrant sexist nonsense will typically be deleted.
#51 by BaffieBox on April 4, 2012 - 5:35 pm
I don’t really understand this moderation policy much, especially in this context. In a debate on gender equality, we should absolutely allow commentary, especially if it is sexist, in order to highlight it’s persistence in political circles and debate the views that are expressed. This is surely core to the entire debate?
Censorship only excludes people and makes others think twice about contributing for fear of being labeled and blocked.
Just my 2p.
#52 by Aidan on April 4, 2012 - 8:39 pm
Without wanting to get into specifics nobody has been blocked and there are clearly a full range of views represented in the comments here
#53 by douglas clark on April 4, 2012 - 4:56 pm
There are at least two issues here, maybe three.
The first is presentationalism. Do equal numbers of men and women present themselves for selection as a candidate? If not, then that has to be addressed first. There is a slightly macho air about politics, in as much as you aren’t committed unless you are working at it 24/7, not whether you are any good or not. It is designed, I would assume, to allow basically incompetent men to demonstrate their loyalty in the only way they can. It has the added advantage, from their point of view, of excluding women who haven’t a full time support network in place, from even contemplating a career in politics. It would be interesting if anyone knows better, but I do not recall a female MP ever having a baby.
Secondly, there is more to election as an MP than simply being selected. It helps enormously if the candidate is selected where their party has a chance of winning. There is some evidence that women do not get a fair crack at winnable constituencies.
http://www.libdemvoice.org/gender-equality-and-mps-is-our-performance-as-bad-as-it-looks-26869.html
Lastly, there may be a small bias by male voters against female candidates, although that is speculative.
#54 by Kirsty on April 4, 2012 - 5:35 pm
On MPs and motherhood, because MPs are classed as self-employed, they have no right to maternity leave. It was paradoxically easier for ministers in the last government, like Kitty Ussher and Yvette Cooper, to take maternity leave than for backbench MPs. If ever there was a flag up for a needed culture change, that’s a pretty big flapping one for me.
#55 by Iain Menzies on April 5, 2012 - 4:49 pm
The problem with Mat leave for an MP is that you cant just hire someone else in to cover for them.
#56 by Doug Daniel on April 6, 2012 - 8:49 am
I was thinking that. It hardly seems fair for constituents to be left without representation for months at a time. I think there needs to be recognition that when you become an elected politician, you’re there to serve the public – it’s not like a normal job.
#57 by Cameron on April 4, 2012 - 5:35 pm
The idea behind a quota is fine but the way to end discrimination is not to create legislative discrimination (and I really don’t want the precedent set for ridiculous gender quotas).
It’s patently anti-democratic and anti-meritocratic and ultimately changes nothing. So a woman can’t afford to stand either for time constraints or childcare reasons? Well how does a quota change that? It doesn’t. It just makes it easier for the few women who don’t have children, who have the time and who have the inclination to get put up for election.
That means a lot of men are ruled out and a few women are ruled in and how can that lead to an improvement in the quality of politicians?
The only solution that will do anything is free/cheap nursery care (and maybe making home economics compulsary at school) but that’s obviously incredibly expensive.
#58 by Indy on April 4, 2012 - 5:49 pm
It changes it because you have more women in parliament & government who not only say we want better childcare but have the power to make it happen.
That is how progress on these issues can be made and made quickly – it worked in Scandinavian countries.
The UK had universal free childcare for a while you know, it was set up very quickly because it was needed.
#59 by douglas clark on April 4, 2012 - 7:03 pm
It seems to me that truly enfranchising half the polulation ought to be a cross party endevour. Perhaps a Royal Commission is appropriate?
Women have been disadvantaged in both society and politics for as long as I can remember. I was somewhat shocked when I was first employed that women who became pregnant were effectively sacked, albeit with a gratuity and a pat on the back. We have moved on, a bit, from those days, but, whilst the blatant paternalism has faded, we are still no nearer an equal society.
We need to bite the bullet of relative disadvantage for men, in order to accommodate women into what has been, historically, a man’s world.
I’d have hoped that that might be a temporary measure and that politics can move beyond this. For I do believe the best candidate should win, but not that either candidate should be disadvantaged by circumstance of gender. If we could get there then perhaps this arguement would fade out of existence…..
#60 by Barbarian on April 4, 2012 - 8:15 pm
There is a bigger problem in selection of candidates – nepotism.
The last thing we need is set quotas for types of candidates. Selection should be based purely on merit.
There is a disproportionate amount of lawyers in case anyone hadn’t noticed.
#61 by theshooglypeg on April 4, 2012 - 10:38 pm
I really welcome this campaign and will take a good look at the website. It’s plainly absurd that politics remains so male-dominated. But I couldn’t agree more with Gryff and Douglas Clark: it is not enough to jump straight to quotas, changing parliamentary systems or any other action, no matter how common-sense it might be. We need to find out what the problem is before we try to solve it. And since no Scottish – or UK that I’m aware of – political party has published an analysis of their membership and the relative likelihood of men and women to join, stand for election and get elected, we do not currently know what the actual problem is.
If you will forgive me for being so crass as to plug my own blog, I have been countering on about this for quite some time: here, for example. http://theshooglypeg.com/2012/03/17/women-in-politics-and-the-man-from-west-lothian/. I would love to see the Counting Women In campaign commission or conduct some research into the actual patterns of women entering and participating in politics. In fact, I’d be more than happy to help, if such a project is on the cards.
#62 by Barbarian on April 5, 2012 - 12:31 am
There should not be quotas of any sort when it comes to selecting political candidates. I do agree however with one point raised above, in that anyone seeking political office must have at least 5 years work experience outwith politics. You only need to look at Milliband to see what problems the current system allows.
But in Scotland we have two female party leaders, and one deputy leader as well. Women are achieving high office.
Perhaps, as pointed out above, an analysis of Scottish political organisations, right down to local level, might identify why there is an inbalance.
#63 by douglas clark on April 5, 2012 - 3:28 am
Ré the shooglypeg,
Cheers. It just seems obvious to me that equality ought to matter. I am a bit surprised, as you say, that no political party releases details of their membership by gender. Perhaps they all should.
Today I met a nice woman that wanted me to vote SNP.
Frankly, she was wasting her time, I will vote SNP, I am a party member. But she was more personable than either of our two candidates appear to me to be.
Why is she banging on doorsteps when no candidates seem to bother? I’ll answer that myself. It is because she cares about the cause. It seems to me that independence politics subsumes sexual politics If she ever stood for election, I would vote for her.
I have, incidentally, heard zero from any other political party whatsoever.
_________________________________________
Opinion polls seem to suggest that independence is more popular amongst men than women. Frankly, I do not know why that is.
#64 by Dan on April 5, 2012 - 8:34 am
Very much enjoyed this post especially as in relation to the paucity of female candidates in Edinburgh. When asked about the gender issue within the SNP, their Edinburgh leader Cardownie said: ‘we would consider positive discrimination if we had more female members’. Which kind of misses the point. However representation runs deeper than this as others have mentioned so I would favour breaking open selection to the party’s supporters or the general public via the primary selection system rather than quotas and end Buggin’s turn.
#65 by Dan on April 5, 2012 - 8:39 am
Forgot to add. In Northern Ireland the problem was so bad that for a time women DID form their own party -the Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition – which sat in on some of the constitutional negotiations and won seats in the NI Assembly. Although they are now defunct the problem hasn’t exactly gone away.
#66 by Danny on April 5, 2012 - 1:18 pm
In my opinion, things like all women short lists and discriminating against male would-be politicians is absolutely wrong.
A better solution is to encourage more women to stand for selection within the constituency party, however if these women fail to be selected then so be it.
#67 by SNP Member (hidden for obvious reasons) on April 6, 2012 - 2:32 pm
Firstly I hope you can excuse my not giving my actual name – normally I would but what I’m going to say hasn’t been checked with our press officer etc. and probably wouldn’t get the nod, so I’m saying it incognito.
In our local Branch, we had vacancies this year for 10 or 11 candidates. Around 16 or so members put their name forward for vetting and selection. Of these, only one was a woman. She didn’t pass vetting. We appealed, point blank, for more female members. Our local authority currently has ZERO female councillors (astute nerds will now have worked out where I’m from!) and this election, only one party is standing ANY women – Labour. They’re standing one female, out of a field of 11 candidates.
I would LOVE to have stood 5 or 6 women. Hell, even more, screw the equality threshold. Alas, none of our few female members would do it. I even asked my partner, but she refused. Maybe next time, she said.
We could have had a 50/50 shortlist for all the wards we’re standing more than one candidate (guaranteeing at least one woman in each of those wards). But all it would have done is meant we didn’t fill all our wards.
What more can we do? I’m thinking a major recruiting drive next year, with an emphasis on young women, may help, but that aside, we can’t force people to seek office.
#68 by James on April 6, 2012 - 2:35 pm
Sounds like a systemic problem. Why would women be particularly reluctant to stand for Scotland’s biggest party all across a whole local authority area?
#69 by Doug Daniel on April 6, 2012 - 3:48 pm
We won’t know until someone asks them.
We have all these hypothesises from men trying to understand what is putting women off, and from women who, to be fair, perhaps aren’t the best judge of what stops other women from joining them, since it hasn’t stopped them from doing it.
Surely there must be some research SOMEWHERE with women who are interested in politics but won’t put themselves forward for election, asking them why they won’t do it. Or is it one of these things that is so obvious that no one has thought to do it?
We know what the problem is, but as others have said, we won’t know what to do about it until we understand the reasons for the problem. The time for all-female shortlists is when 1 male and 10 females put their name forward for selection, and still the sole male wins the candidacy. It does nothing to solve the problem of getting women to put their names forward in the first place.
#70 by Juliet on April 7, 2012 - 9:54 am
There is indeed research, not least a very interesting piece of work from the Electoral Commission a few years back.
Generally, women are more interested in specific issues than in politics per se. They think they can get more done by engaging with those specific issues than seeking political office.
However, in areas where a woman has sought office, women are a) more likely to turn out to vote and b) more likely to participate in politics more generally.
Which brings me back to positive measures… If more women were elected, more women would participate, it really is that straight forward.
But of course, when party membership in general is declining, there is also a problem just finding candidates. I also think there is an issue with confining political representatives to those who are affiliated with a party. One of the exciting aspects of STV for local elections is that it is easier for independent candidates to stand, whether on an issue based or a broad based platform. In West Lothian in 2003 for instance, candidates standing under the ‘Action to Save St Johns Hospital’ banner won 3 seats. So, there is perhaps some scope for encouraging people to stand (and for council especially) as independents / representatives of community groups rather than political parties and seeking to understand if part of the problem is a failure of party politics to keep up with how people engage. But that is a whole other debate!
#71 by Doug Daniel on April 8, 2012 - 6:10 pm
“Generally, women are more interested in specific issues than in politics per se. They think they can get more done by engaging with those specific issues than seeking political office.”
So is this not the real problem in a nutshell? Men are interested in becoming politicians, women less so, therefore the people who put themselves forward as candidates are more likely to be men, whereas women are perhaps more interested in remaining amongst grassroots campaigning? Perhaps all-female shortlists could lead to addressing this, but equally it might just lead to women in local parties feeling pressured into standing for election against their better wishes? But there again, perhaps that’s exactly the kick up the bum they need to take a leap into the unknown.
As far as declining membership is concerned, really, this alone should be encouraging parties to do more to get more women involved, as an untapped resource of potential members. I wonder if parties really do anything to try and actively get more members – I know I only joined the SNP because they won in 2007 and suddenly it felt like independence wasn’t a dream anymore. I did it off my own back, it wasn’t because someone convinced me to join up. Is anyone actually trying to get more women involved?
#72 by Lorraine on April 7, 2012 - 3:19 am
Absolutely, quotas won’t make any difference if women can’t get a foot in the door on the ground for whatever reason. But the usual arguments put forward against quotas are that they are patronising to women, or it just means unqualified women getting a job before qualified men. But that can only be the case if you are automatically making the assumption that most of the time men are more qualified than women for any given job. The fact is that there are millions of men sitting in senior positions in organisations that they are completely unqualified to do. We all know some, including many politicians. Wouldn’t it better if we had the best women and the best men, rather than just a few of the best who happen to be male and rich and a whole host of mediocrity and failure who also happen to be mostly male and rich? If quotas are a way of getting rid of the current set-up, then I’m for them.
As for why women aren’t more involved. I’m an SNP member, have been for about 3 years. I am very interested in politics and would love to get involved, especially at this time. But why I can’t get involved is the same reason that most people who would like to, can’t. Time and money. If anyone with few responsibilities or anyone with privilege want’s to get involved, the door is open, but how many women are living lives where that’s the case? I can name more men in that position, than I can women.
I tried to find out about a creche, or setting up one for local meetings but I got no response from my local organiser. If parents can’t even make the first step into getting involved, I can’t see where more women are going to come from, since they still disproportionately have more home and care responsibilities. And surely there are plenty parents, both men and women, who could be participating more, if there was a basic way to get them into the process of being involved in the first place.
If you are only interested in the views of people who have loads of spare time, you’re always only going to get a small subsection of society who can offer that. You get with people with no responsibilities, over 50’s and people with money (and all of those are more men than women). If we genuinely wanted more diversity in politics, we’d need to rethink the way it works at the lower levels. Not saying it would be easy, but that’s the only way it would be able to change. Of course if you really wanted to fix it properly, you’d have to bring into it, the flawed work/life balance we have and all sorts of other stuff too.
There are obviously a whole raft of other reasons why women are reluctant to get involved, from your opinion being dismissed, to not seeing role models, to a whole host of societal issues around how women are perceived. These build up to form what can feel like a really large barrier at times. It can be overcome, but it genuinely makes it more difficult than men probably realise. And toughen up isn’t really an answer when you’ve been shown by society every day, in a million little ways, that you and your opinions somehow matter just a little bit less than at least half of the population. It’s something that gets ingrained.
I think the most simple way to put it though is the same way most people would, if asked. Getting into politics isn’t really for people like me. That shouldn’t really be the case for anyone. Quotas would show people, whether it was rich or poor, male of female, that it is and it should be for them.
#73 by Juliet on April 7, 2012 - 1:25 pm
Great comment Lorraine, with lots of food for thought. Thank you!
Pingback: Happy Easter and some fine egg-amples of Scottish blog posts – Scottish Roundup
#74 by David McCann on April 9, 2012 - 1:09 pm
“But of course, when party membership in general is declining, there is also a problem just finding candidates”
Not true as far as the SNP are concerned, as the membership has gone up by by a factor of about 50% in the last couple of years. Maybe that is why in our local elections we have 7 women and 5 men contesting our local elections! Lets hope they all get elected!
Pingback: An equal council for Edinburgh | Edinburgh Eye